Setting-up a GIT remote repository : my notebook

Here are my notes for setting-up a GIT remote repository on ubuntu. It basically requires to create a new user @gituser on a server. @gituser will be used as a central repository and people will be allowed to publish their changes using their public ssh key. The problems I encountered were due to our internal firewall and to my poor knowledge of SSH.

Initialize the SSH key for 'lindenb'

As user 'lindenb'

mkdir -p .ssh
ssh-keygen -t rsa

Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/lindenb/.ssh/id_rsa):
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /home/lindenb/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /home/lindenb/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx lindenb@yokofakun

more .ssh/id_rsa.pub
ssh-rsa M3d(...)BuQ0J9x== plindenbaum@yahoo.fr

Create a 'gituser' user

As 'root':

/usr/sbin/useradd --shell /usr/bin/git-shell -c "GIT Version-Control-System" -m gituser
cd ~gituser
mkdir .ssh

Add lindenb's public key to the list of gituser's authorized_keys

As 'root'

cat ~lindenb/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> ~gituser/.ssh/authorized_keys

Change the permissions to 'gituser' in .ssh

As 'root'

chown -R gituser:gituser ~gituser/.ssh

Create a new empty project in gituser

As far as I understand, this should be done for every project.
As 'root'

mkdir -p ~gituser/src/project01.git
cd ~gituser/src/project01.git
git --bare init
Initialized empty Git repository in /home/gituser/src/project01.git
chown -R gituser:gituser ~gituser/src

Create my git project

as 'lindenb'

mkdir /home/lindenb/src/mygitproject
cd /home/lindenb/src/mygitproject
git init
Initialized empty Git repository in /home/lindenb/src/mygitproject/.git/

Add some files into the project

echo -e "hello:\n\tgcc -o \$@ hello.c\n" > Makefile
echo -e '#include<stdio.h>\nint main(int argc,char **argv)\n{\nprintf("Hello.\\n");\nreturn 0;\n}\n' > hello.c

git status
# On branch master
#
# Initial commit
#
# Untracked files:
# (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
#
# Makefile
# hello.c
nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use "git add" to track)

git add .

git status
# On branch master
#
# Initial commit
#
# Changes to be committed:
# (use "git rm --cached <file>..." to unstage)
#
# new file: Makefile
# new file: hello.c
#

git commit -m 'initial commit'
[master (root-commit) b1ed0a2] initial commit
2 files changed, 10 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
create mode 100644 Makefile
create mode 100644 hello.c

## modify Makefile
echo -e "\nclean:\n\trm -f hello *.o\n" >> Makefile

git status
# On branch master
# Changed but not updated:
# (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
# (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
#
# modified: Makefile
#
no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a")

git diff
diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index a329f85..7b0f9d1 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@
hello:
gcc -o $@ hello.c

+
+clean:
+ rm -f hello *.o
+


git commit
# On branch master
# Changed but not updated:
# (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
# (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
#
# modified: Makefile
#
no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a")

git commit -a -m "added clean target in Makefile"
[master 8662812] added clean target in Makefile
1 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)

Tell the world, publish the project

git remote add origin gituser@localhost:src/project01.git
git push origin master

ssh: connect to host localhost port 22: Connection refused
fatal: The remote end hung up unexpectedly

#huhoo, I'm missing the ssh server
sudo apt-get install openssh-server
git push origin master
Agent admitted failure to sign using the key.

#I fixed the problem with https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/gnome-keyring/+bug/201786
export SSH_AUTH_SOCK=0

git push --verbose origin master
Pushing to gituser@yokofakun:src/project01.git
Enter passphrase for key '/home/lindenb/.ssh/id_rsa':
Counting objects: 7, done.
Delta compression using up to 2 threads.
Compressing objects: 100% (6/6), done.
Writing objects: 100% (7/7), 674 bytes, done.
Total 7 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)
To gituser@yokofakun:src/project01.git
* [new branch] master -> master
updating local tracking ref 'refs/remotes/origin/master'

Clone the project

cd /home/lindenb/src/
git clone gituser@yokofakun:src/project01.git
Initialized empty Git repository in /home/lindenb/src/project01/.git/
Enter passphrase for key '/home/lindenb/.ssh/id_rsa':
remote: Counting objects: 7, done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (6/6), done.
remote: Total 7 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)
Receiving objects: 100% (7/7), done.

ls -la project01
total 20
drwxr-xr-x 3 lindenb lindenb 4096 2010-05-03 11:42 .
drwxr-xr-x 7 lindenb lindenb 4096 2010-05-03 11:41 ..
drwxr-xr-x 8 lindenb lindenb 4096 2010-05-03 11:42 .git
-rw-r--r-- 1 lindenb lindenb 84 2010-05-03 11:42 hello.c
-rw-r--r-- 1 lindenb lindenb 53 2010-05-03 11:42 Makefile

Do some changes in project01

echo -e "test:hello\n\t./hello\n" >> Makefile

commit the changes:

git commit -a -m "added test target in Makefile"
[master 1de291c] added test target in Makefile
1 files changed, 3 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)

and tell the world

git push origin master
Enter passphrase for key '/home/lindenb/.ssh/id_rsa':
Counting objects: 5, done.
Delta compression using up to 2 threads.
Compressing objects: 100% (3/3), done.
Writing objects: 100% (3/3), 353 bytes, done.
Total 3 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)
To gituser@yokofakun:src/project01.git
8662812..1de291c master -> master

go back to 'mygitproject' and update the code

cd /home/lindenb/src/mygitproject/
git pull origin master
Enter passphrase for key '/home/lindenb/.ssh/id_rsa':
From gituser@yokofakun:src/project01
* branch master -> FETCH_HEAD
Updating 8662812..1de291c
Fast forward
Makefile | 3 +++
1 files changed, 3 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)

That's it
Pierre